(Epi)dermoid Cysts

FACTS

  • both are generally benign tumors
  • rate of growth linear (not exponential like tumors)
 
Greenberg Table 46.6
Greenberg Table 46.6
Dermoid
Epidermoid
- #1 most common congenital scalp lesions
- failure of disjunction of neuroectoderm, contain epithelia, hair, sweat glands, cutaneous elements
- nasal and inion lesions more likely to be dangerous (intracranial tracts to falx/tentorium)

HPI

universal ROS
+ lethargy/neck pain (meningitis)
+ seizures
+ facial pain

PHYSICAL EXAM

universal neuro exam
+ evaluate for palpable lumps
+ evaluate for signs of infection (erythema/tenderness)
+ evaluate for meningismus
+ detailed cranial nerve exam including CN 5

IMAGING
both can be located intracranially, most common sites being suprasellar, Sylvian fissure, CP angle, basilar-posterior fossa, intraventricularly (4th V)
Dermoid
Epidermoid
usually midline
No enhancement, + DWI restriction
T1 hyperintense (similar to fat)

A/P
Definitive Treatment: Surgery in all cases
 

Nasal Dermoid with intracranial extension

This can occur via invasion through foramen cecum.
This can occur via invasion through foramen cecum.
 

Gross Path of dermoid cyst

notion image